@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix isothes: <http://purl.org/iso25964/skos-thes#> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Alcatraz>
  skos:prefLabel "Alcatraz"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/plantation_prisons>
  skos:prefLabel "plantation prisons"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Parchman_Farm_Penitentiary>
  skos:prefLabel "Parchman Farm Penitentiary"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/medical_experiments>
  skos:prefLabel "medical experiments"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/dorothea_dix>
  skos:prefLabel "dorothea dix"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Auburn_system>
  skos:prefLabel "Auburn system"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/prison_ships>
  skos:prefLabel "prison ships"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/josephine_shaw_lowell>
  skos:prefLabel "josephine shaw lowell"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/slavery>
  skos:prefLabel "slavery"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/labor>
  skos:prefLabel "labor"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/convict_lease_system>
  skos:prefLabel "convict lease system"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/panopticon>
  skos:prefLabel "panopticon"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Cesare_Beccaria>
  skos:prefLabel "Cesare Beccaria"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Crofton_system>
  skos:prefLabel "Crofton system"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_women%27s_prisons>
  skos:prefLabel "history of women's prisons"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Zebulon_Reed_Brockway>
  skos:prefLabel "Zebulon Reed Brockway"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/pennsylvania_system>
  skos:prefLabel "pennsylvania system"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Bridewell_Prison_and_Workhouse>
  skos:prefLabel "Bridewell Prison and Workhouse"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/pennsylvania_prison_society>
  skos:prefLabel "pennsylvania prison society"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/prisons_and_correctional_facilities>
  skos:prefLabel "prisons and correctional facilities"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/massachusetts_reformatory>
  skos:prefLabel "massachusetts reformatory"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons>
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/medical_experiments>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Katharine_Bement_Davis>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Jeremy_Bentham>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_religion_in_prison>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Bridewell_Prison_and_Workhouse>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/convict_lease_system>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/massachusetts_reformatory>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Alexander_Maconochie>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/dorothea_dix>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Attica>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/labor>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Alcatraz>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/slavery>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/josephine_shaw_lowell>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/mabel_walker_willebrant>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/plantation_prisons>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Bedford_Hills_Correctional_Facility>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_correctional_officers>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Auburn_system>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Parchman_Farm_Penitentiary>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/prison_ships>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/pennsylvania_prison_society>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Zebulon_Reed_Brockway>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Elmira_Reformatory>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/pennsylvania_system>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/juvenile_reformatories>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_women%27s_prisons>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Cesare_Beccaria>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Crofton_system>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/panopticon> ;
  skos:definition "The presence of prisons is well documented in the annals of ancient history, mentioned in Greek philosophy, biblical sources, and the laws of Rome. The dominant forms of punishment in early times were execution, exile, fines, and the confiscation of property, and for debt, confinement until payment and debt bondage. [Source: <a href=\"https://sk.sagepub.com/reference/prisons/n160.xml\" target=\"_blank\" data-id=\"to-sk\">Encyclopedia of Prisons &amp; Correctional Facilities; History of Prisons</a>]"@en ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/prisons_and_correctional_facilities> ;
  skos:prefLabel "history of prisons"@en ;
  a skos:Concept .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Jeremy_Bentham>
  skos:prefLabel "Jeremy Bentham"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_religion_in_prison>
  skos:prefLabel "history of religion in prison"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_correctional_officers>
  skos:prefLabel "history of correctional officers"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Alexander_Maconochie>
  skos:prefLabel "Alexander Maconochie"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/mabel_walker_willebrant>
  skos:prefLabel "mabel walker willebrant"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Katharine_Bement_Davis>
  skos:prefLabel "Katharine Bement Davis"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Bedford_Hills_Correctional_Facility>
  skos:prefLabel "Bedford Hills Correctional Facility"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Elmira_Reformatory>
  skos:prefLabel "Elmira Reformatory"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Attica>
  skos:prefLabel "Attica"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/conceptgroup/concepts>
  a skos:Collection, isothes:ConceptGroup ;
  skos:prefLabel "concepts"@en ;
  skos:member <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/juvenile_reformatories>
  skos:prefLabel "juvenile reformatories"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history_of_prisons> .