@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix isothes: <http://purl.org/iso25964/skos-thes#> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/dumping>
  skos:prefLabel "dumping"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/flag_of_convenience>
  skos:prefLabel "flag of convenience"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/countervailing_duties>
  skos:prefLabel "countervailing duties"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/imports>
  skos:prefLabel "imports"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/law_and_political_science>
  skos:prefLabel "law and political science"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/free_trade_zone>
  skos:prefLabel "free trade zone"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_creation>
  skos:prefLabel "trade creation"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Doha_Round>
  skos:prefLabel "Doha Round"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_relations>
  skos:prefLabel "international relations"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Special_Drawing_Rights>
  skos:prefLabel "Special Drawing Rights"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/most_favored_nation>
  skos:prefLabel "most favored nation"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/standard_international_trade_classification>
  skos:prefLabel "standard international trade classification"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/economic_concepts>
  skos:prefLabel "economic concepts"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/bill_of_lading>
  skos:prefLabel "bill of lading"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_diversion>
  skos:prefLabel "trade diversion"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/globalization_index>
  skos:prefLabel "globalization index"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/subsidies>
  skos:prefLabel "subsidies"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/export_import_strategies>
  skos:prefLabel "export/import strategies"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/letter_of_credit>
  skos:prefLabel "letter of credit"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/economic_union>
  skos:prefLabel "economic union"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_policies>
  skos:prefLabel "trade policies"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/electronic_commerce>
  skos:prefLabel "electronic commerce"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/balance_of_payment>
  skos:prefLabel "balance of payment"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Generalized_System_of_Preferences>
  skos:prefLabel "Generalized System of Preferences"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/smuggling>
  skos:prefLabel "smuggling"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/invisible_trade_balance>
  skos:prefLabel "invisible trade balance"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/business-to-business>
  skos:prefLabel "business-to-business"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Agreement_on_Trade-Related_Aspects_of_Intellectual_Property_Rights>
  skos:prefLabel "Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/tariff>
  skos:prefLabel "tariff"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/country_of_origin>
  skos:prefLabel "country of origin"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/embargoes>
  skos:prefLabel "embargoes"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/economics_of_poverty>
  skos:prefLabel "economics of poverty"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_pact>
  skos:prefLabel "trade pact"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_war>
  skos:prefLabel "trade war"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/terms_of_trade>
  skos:prefLabel "terms of trade"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/foreign_exports>
  skos:prefLabel "foreign exports"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/customs_broker>
  skos:prefLabel "customs broker"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/exports>
  skos:prefLabel "exports"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Multi-Fiber_Agreement>
  skos:prefLabel "Multi-Fiber Agreement"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/freight_forwarder>
  skos:prefLabel "freight forwarder"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_business>
  skos:prefLabel "international business"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/export_subsidy>
  skos:prefLabel "export subsidy"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/gray_market>
  skos:prefLabel "gray market"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/fair_trade>
  skos:prefLabel "fair trade"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/effective_rate_of_protection>
  skos:prefLabel "effective rate of protection"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/internet_domain_names>
  skos:prefLabel "internet domain names"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/nontariff_barrier>
  skos:prefLabel "nontariff barrier"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/conceptgroup/concepts>
  a skos:Collection, isothes:ConceptGroup ;
  skos:prefLabel "concepts"@en ;
  skos:member <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/maquiladoras>
  skos:prefLabel "maquiladoras"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/ad_valorem_duties>
  skos:prefLabel "ad valorem duties"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/electronic_data_interchange>
  skos:prefLabel "electronic data interchange"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/voluntary_export_restraints>
  skos:prefLabel "voluntary export restraints"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/neomercantilism>
  skos:prefLabel "neomercantilism"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/banana_wars>
  skos:prefLabel "banana wars"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/World_Customs_Organization>
  skos:prefLabel "World Customs Organization"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/CoCom>
  skos:prefLabel "CoCom"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/ATA_Carnet>
  skos:prefLabel "ATA Carnet"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/arbitrage>
  skos:prefLabel "arbitrage"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/mercantilism>
  skos:prefLabel "mercantilism"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/barriers_to_entry>
  skos:prefLabel "barriers to entry"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/absolute_advantage>
  skos:prefLabel "absolute advantage"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/country_of_origin_requirements>
  skos:prefLabel "country of origin requirements"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/harmonized_system>
  skos:prefLabel "harmonized system"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Uruguay_Round>
  skos:prefLabel "Uruguay Round"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/duty>
  skos:prefLabel "duty"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trading_bloc>
  skos:prefLabel "trading bloc"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/free_trade>
  skos:prefLabel "free trade"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/cost,_insurance,_and_freight>
  skos:prefLabel "cost, insurance, and freight"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Incoterms>
  skos:prefLabel "Incoterms"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_liberalization>
  skos:prefLabel "trade liberalization"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade>
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_pact>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/export_subsidy>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/globalization_index>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/banana_wars>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/World_Customs_Organization>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_sanctions>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/voluntary_export_restraints>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/terms_of_trade>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_liberalization>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/smuggling>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/free_trade_zone>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/embargoes>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/economic_union>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_policies>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_creation>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Agreement_on_Trade-Related_Aspects_of_Intellectual_Property_Rights>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/nontariff_barrier>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Incoterms>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/invisible_trade_balance>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/CoCom>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/quotas>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/export_processing_zones>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/free_trade>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/electronic_data_interchange>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/subsidies>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/absolute_advantage>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/countervailing_duties>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/ATA_Carnet>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/foreign_exports>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/country_of_origin_requirements>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/neomercantilism>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Generalized_System_of_Preferences>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Special_Drawing_Rights>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/internet_domain_names>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/electronic_commerce>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/duty>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/export_import_strategies>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/exports>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_war>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/business-to-business>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/ad_valorem_duties>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/tariff>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/flag_of_convenience>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/standard_international_trade_classification>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/most_favored_nation>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/letter_of_credit>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/country_of_origin>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/effective_rate_of_protection>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/harmonized_system>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/customs_broker>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/foreign_sales_corporation>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/non-tariff_barrier>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/gray_market>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Uruguay_Round>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/cost,_insurance,_and_freight>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/fair_trade>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/bill_of_lading>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/freight_forwarder>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/balance_of_payment>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/mercantilism>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Doha_Round>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/barter>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/Multi-Fiber_Agreement>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/maquiladoras>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/foreign_direct_investment>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/dumping>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/barriers_to_entry>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_diversion>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/imports>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/arbitrage>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trading_bloc>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_barriers> ;
  skos:prefLabel "international trade"@en ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/economics_of_poverty>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/economic_concepts>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_relations>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_business>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/law_and_political_science> ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:definition "International trade law represents the need to balance two competing interests: (1) the protection of local industries from harm by foreign competitors, and (2) the encouragement of trade across national borders. Since the 1990s, there has been a shift toward freer international trade. [Source: <a href=\"https://sk.sagepub.com/reference/law/n363.xml\" target=\"_blank\" data-id=\"to-sk\">Encyclopedia of Law &amp; Society: American and Global Perspectives; International Trade</a>]"@en ;
  skos:altLabel "foreign trade"@en .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/barter>
  skos:prefLabel "barter"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_barriers>
  skos:prefLabel "trade barriers"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/export_processing_zones>
  skos:prefLabel "export processing zones"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/non-tariff_barrier>
  skos:prefLabel "non-tariff barrier"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/foreign_sales_corporation>
  skos:prefLabel "foreign sales corporation"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/trade_sanctions>
  skos:prefLabel "trade sanctions"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/foreign_direct_investment>
  skos:prefLabel "foreign direct investment"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/quotas>
  skos:prefLabel "quotas"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/international_trade> .