@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix isothes: <http://purl.org/iso25964/skos-thes#> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/contingent_exercise>
  skos:prefLabel "contingent exercise"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/power_and_authority>
  skos:prefLabel "power and authority"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/negative_practice> skos:related <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .
<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/community_service>
  skos:prefLabel "community service"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/reinforcement_(psychology)>
  skos:prefLabel "reinforcement (psychology)"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/shame_penalties>
  skos:prefLabel "shame penalties"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/overcorrection>
  skos:prefLabel "overcorrection"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/contemporary_issues_in_political_thought>
  skos:prefLabel "contemporary issues in political thought"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/generalized_conditioned_punisher>
  skos:prefLabel "generalized conditioned punisher"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/corrections_(penology)>
  skos:prefLabel "corrections (penology)"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment>
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/reinforcement>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/learning_and_memory>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/contemporary_issues_in_political_thought>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history,_development,_and_definitions>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/informal_social_control>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/power_and_authority>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/corrections_(penology)>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/reinforcement_(psychology)>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/social_control> ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/prison_sentences>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/non_custodial_punishment>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/just_desert>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/overcorrection>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/shame_penalties>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/generalized_conditioned_punisher>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/alternative_punishments_in_Sub-Saharan_Africa>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/cruel_and_unusual_punishment>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/capital_punishment>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/intermediate_sanctions>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/facial_screening>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/shunning>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/community_service>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/vengeance>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/juvenile_capital_punishment>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/zero_tolerance_policing>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/custodial_punishment>, <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/contingent_exercise> ;
  skos:exactMatch <https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D011678.html> ;
  skos:definition "Punishment of crime has been a basis of civil society for at least as long as recorded history. Both the Code of Hammurabi, who was the king of Babylon from 1792 to 1750 B.C.E., and the Bible’s Old Testament demand an “eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth,” as a way of having the punishment fit the crime. [Source: <a href=\"https://sk.sagepub.com/cqpress/the-us-constitution-a-to-z-2e/n304.xml\" target=\"_blank\" data-id=\"to-sk\">The U.S. Constitution A to Z; Punishment</a>]"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:prefLabel "punishment"@en .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/social_control>
  skos:prefLabel "social control"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/juvenile_capital_punishment>
  skos:prefLabel "juvenile capital punishment"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/reinforcement>
  skos:prefLabel "reinforcement"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/custodial_punishment>
  skos:prefLabel "custodial punishment"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/capital_punishment>
  skos:prefLabel "capital punishment"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/informal_social_control>
  skos:prefLabel "informal social control"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/history,_development,_and_definitions>
  skos:prefLabel "history, development, and definitions"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/zero_tolerance_policing>
  skos:prefLabel "zero tolerance policing"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/vengeance>
  skos:prefLabel "vengeance"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/facial_screening>
  skos:prefLabel "facial screening"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/cruel_and_unusual_punishment>
  skos:prefLabel "cruel and unusual punishment"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/alternative_punishments_in_Sub-Saharan_Africa>
  skos:prefLabel "alternative punishments in Sub-Saharan Africa"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/learning_and_memory>
  skos:prefLabel "learning and memory"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:narrower <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/just_desert>
  skos:prefLabel "just desert"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/shunning>
  skos:prefLabel "shunning"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/non_custodial_punishment>
  skos:prefLabel "non custodial punishment"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/conceptgroup/concepts>
  a skos:Collection, isothes:ConceptGroup ;
  skos:prefLabel "concepts"@en ;
  skos:member <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/prison_sentences>
  skos:prefLabel "prison sentences"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .

<https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/intermediate_sanctions>
  skos:prefLabel "intermediate sanctions"@en ;
  a skos:Concept ;
  skos:broader <https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/punishment> .