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Preferred term

hard labor  

Definition

  • Hard labor is a punishment of ancient origin and widespread adoption. In the United States, the Pennsylvania General Assembly established the first hard labor sentence in the fall of 1786 by directing “motley crews” of prisoners to clean and repair public streets. [Source: Encyclopedia of Prisons & Correctional Facilities; Hard Labor]

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URI

https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/hard_labor

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