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Preferred term

independent media  

Definition

  • Burma's border-based media have a long history, including clandestine radio stations such as the ethnic Karen-controlled Radio Kawthoolei, named after the Karen homeland, which began broadcasting in 1949 and continued intermittently during the 1970s and 1980s. Journals and information sheets of various kinds in a range of languages have long been published in the border areas, which are also home to reporters and stringers who travel into and out of Burma reporting for the international broadcasting networks. [Source: Encyclopedia of Social Movement Media; Independent Media (Burma/Myanmar)]

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https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/independent_media

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