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Preferred term

penal colonies  

Definition

  • A penal colony is a remote destination to which a country transports its convicts, where they are supervised under high-security conditions. This method of punishment and correction enjoyed a certain vogue in the West in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and nations such as France, Russia, Portugal, Spain, Holland, Denmark, Mexico, Chile, and Ecuador have all utilized penal colonies at some point in their histories. [Source: Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment; Penal Colonies]

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https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/penal_colonies

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