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dual and unitary systems  

Definition

  • Based on precedent from the U.S. Supreme Court, dual systems of public education were those that operated separate and distinct schools for students who were White and children who were African American or other minorities such as Mexican American. Conversely, unitary systems were those that achieved the status of being desegregated, meaning that students were no longer placed in racially separate schools. [Source: Encyclopedia of Education Law; Dual and Unitary Systems]

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https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/dual_and_unitary_systems

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