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social science subjects > politics and international relations > political science > political philosophy/theory > secularism
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social science subjects > politics and international relations > political science > religion and politics > secularism
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... > social science subjects > sociology > sociology of religion > global religion > religion in public life > secularism

Preferred term

secularism  

Definition

  • Secularism may indicate a nonreligious world-view, an ideology, a political doctrine, a form of political governance, a type of moral philosophy, or a belief that the scientific method is solely sufficient to understand the world in which we live. While George Jacob Holyoke introduced the term secularism only in 1851, the structural reality of secularism has a longer history and has always embraced a spectrum of ideas: the emphasis on what is moral as opposed to what is miraculous in religion (Immanuel Kant); the view that the church is the caretaker of souls and ought to be separated from the state that is concerned with worldly matters (John Locke); the anticipation (often inseparable from advocacy) of a radical transformation of religions with progress (Thomas Jefferson); the call for replacing traditional religions with the new religion of humanity (Auguste Comte); the critique or rejection of traditional religions, especially Christianity, as obstacles to human freedom and power (Friedrich Nietzsche); the predictions as well as concerns about the disenchantment of modern societies (Émile Durkheim and Max Weber); and the prophecies about the disappearance of religion at the end of history (Karl Marx).Secularism has been a source of marginalization and sometimes even a hostile negation of religions, but it cannot be reduced to antireligiousness. [Source: Encyclopedia of Global Religion; Secularism]

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https://concepts.sagepub.com/social-science/concept/secularism

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